Netopia ™ R5000 Series Routers R5100 Serial RouterR5200 DDS RouterR5300 T1 RouterUser’s Reference Guide

x User’s Reference Guide Subnets and subnet masks ... B-2Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet... B-3Exampl

8-38 User’s Reference Guide

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 9999IIIIPPPP SSSSeeeettttuuuupppp aaaannnndddd NNNNeeeettttwwww

9-2 User’s Reference GuideNAT works by remapping the source IP address of traffic from the LAN to a single static or dynamically assigned IP address s

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-3UUUUssssiiiinnnngggg NNNNeeeettttwwwwoooorrrrkkkk AAAAddddddddrrrreeeessssssss TTTTrrrraaaannnn

9-4 User’s Reference Guide Alternatively, from the WAN Configuration menu in the Main Menu screen, select Display/Change Connection Profile. When that

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-55. If your ISP uses numbered (interface-based) routing, select Local WAN IP Address and enter the local

9-6 User’s Reference GuideWhen using numbered interfaces, the Netopia Router will use its local WAN IP address and subnet mask to send packets to the

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-7Internal users can access the Internet as they always do; the external Internet, however, views all traf

9-8 User’s Reference GuideAAAAddddvvvvaaaannnncccceeeedddd IIIIPPPP////IIIIPPPPXXXX rrrroooouuuutttteeeerrrr ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrr

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-9The Add Connection Profile screen appears.On a Netopia R5000 Series Router you can add up to 15 more conn

Contents xi G Index ...Index-1Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remed

9-10 User’s Reference Guide4. Toggle or enter any IP parameters you require and return to the Add Connection Profile screen by pressing Escape. For mo

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-117. Select ADD PROFILE NOW and press Return. Your new connection profile will be added.If you want to vie

9-12 User’s Reference GuideIIIIPPPP sssseeeettttuuuuppppThe IP Setup options screen is where you configure the Ethernet side of the Netopia R5000 S

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-13The Netopia R5000 Series Router supports multiple IP subnets on the Ethernet interface. You may want to

9-14 User’s Reference Guide Select Add Export. The Add Exported Service screen appears. Exported Services

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-15 Select Service. A pop-up menu of services and ports appears.8. Select any of the services/ports and p

9-16 User’s Reference GuidePress Escape when you are finished configuring exported services. You are returned to the IP Setup screen. If you select Fi

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-17Note: You need not use this screen if you have only a single Ethernet IP subnet. In that case, you can

9-18 User’s Reference GuideIf you have configured multiple Ethernet IP subnets, the IP Setup screen changes slightly:The IP address and Subnet mask it

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-19The Static Routes screen will appear.VVVViiiieeeewwwwiiiinnnngggg ssssttttaaaattttiiiicccc rrrroo

xii User’s Reference Guide

9-20 User’s Reference GuideSubnet Mask: The subnet mask associated with the destination network.Next Gateway: The IP address of the router that will

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-21information; Low means that the RIP information takes precedence over the static route. If the static

9-22 User’s Reference GuideA static route that is already installed in the IP routing table will be removed if any of the conditions listed above bec

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-23Go to the System Configuration screen. Select IP Address Serving and press Return. The IP Address Servin

9-24 User’s Reference GuideIf you have configured multiple Ethernet IP subnets, the appearance of the IP Address Serving screen is altered slightly:Th

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-25IIIIPPPP AAAAddddddddrrrreeeessssssss PPPPoooooooollllssssThe IP Address Pools screen allows you

9-26 User’s Reference GuideNumerous factors influence the choice of served address. It is difficult to specify the address that will be served to a par

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-27DDDDHHHHCCCCPPPP NNNNeeeettttBBBBIIIIOOOOSSSS OOOOppppttttiiiioooonnnnssssIf your network uses Ne

9-28 User’s Reference Guide From the NetBios Type pop-up menu, select the type of NetBIOS used on your network. To serve DHCP clients with the Net

IP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-29Select Release BootP Leases and press Return.MMMMaaaaccccIIIIPPPP ((((KKKKIIIIPPPP ffffoooorrrrww

PPPPaaaarrrrtttt IIII:::: GGGGeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg SSSSttttaaaarrrrtttteeeedddd

9-30 User’s Reference GuideThe MacIP (KIP) Forwarding Setup screen tells the Router how many static addresses to allocate for MacIP/KIP clients. The

IPX Setup 10-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11110000IIIIPPPPXXXX SSSSeeeettttuuuuppppInternetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the network protocol

10-2 User’s Reference GuideIIIIPPPPXXXX aaaaddddddddrrrreeeessssssss An IPX address consists of a network number, a node number, and a socket n

IPX Setup 10-3The following is a list of common SAP server types: NNNNeeeettttBBBBIIIIOOOOSSSS NetBIOS is a protocol that performs tasks related

10-4 User’s Reference GuideBefore changing any of the settings in this screen, consult your network administrator for the IPX setup information you w

IPX Setup 10-5To attach a SAP filter set, first define the filter set using the Filters and Filter Sets option (see step 8 below). Then select the filter

10-6 User’s Reference Guide

AppleTalk Setup 11-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11111111AAAApppppppplllleeeeTTTTaaaallllkkkk SSSSeeeettttuuuuppppThis chapter discusses the c

11-2 User’s Reference GuideIf the cabling of your network were a street system, then a node address would correspond to a building’s street address.

AppleTalk Setup 11-3MMMMaaaaccccIIIIPPPPWhen Macintosh computers encapsulate TCP/IP packets in AppleTalk, because they are either on LocalTalk or Et

User’s Reference Guide

11-4 User’s Reference GuideIt is important to set the Netopia R5000 Series Router’s seeding action to work best in your particular network environme

AppleTalk Setup 11-5To install the AppleTalk features from the Main Menu, go to System Configuration and select Upgrade Feature Set.The Netopia Featu

11-6 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrriiiinnnngggg AAAApppppppplllleeeeTTTTaaaallllkkkkAppleTalk setup for Netopia R5000 Seri

AppleTalk Setup 11-7Series Router’s EtherTalk Phase II port is visible to other AppleTalk nodes. The default zone is also where new AppleTalk nodes

11-8 User’s Reference GuideIf another router is already present on the LocalTalk network that you will be connecting to the Netopia R5000 Series Rout

AppleTalk Setup 11-9Example:Site A has an AURP tunnel to site B. Both sites have multiple zones defined on the EtherTalk port and a unique zone on th

11-10 User’s Reference GuideThe Change AURP Partner screen has all the values you entered when you added that partner. All of these values may be mod

AppleTalk Setup 11-11 Select Tickle Interval (HH:MM:SS) and set the timer to indicate how often a tickle or “Are you still there” packet will be se

11-12 User’s Reference GuideWhen network number remapping is enabled, you must choose a safe range of network numbers as a destination for the remapp

Monitoring Tools 12-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11112222MMMMoooonnnniiiittttoooorrrriiiinnnngggg TTTToooooooollllssssThis chapter discusses

Introduction 1-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 1111IIIInnnnttttrrrroooodddduuuuccccttttiiiioooonnnn OOOOvvvveeeerrrrvvvviiiieeeewwww The Netopia

12-2 User’s Reference GuideGGGGeeeennnneeeerrrraaaallll ssssttttaaaattttuuuussssCurrent Date: The current date; this can be set with the Date and

Monitoring Tools 12-3CCCCuuuurrrrrrrreeeennnntttt ssssttttaaaattttuuuussssThe current status section is a table showing the current status of the

12-4 User’s Reference GuideEach LED representation can report one of four states:–: The LED is off.R: The LED is red.G: The LED is green.Y: The LED i

Monitoring Tools 12-5GGGGeeeennnneeeerrrraaaallll SSSSttttaaaattttiiiissssttttiiiiccccssssTo go to the General Statistics screen, select General

12-6 User’s Reference Guide LT (LocalTalk on the PhoneNET) if the optional AppleTalk feature set is installedThe right side of the table lists the t

Monitoring Tools 12-7WWWWAAAANNNN EEEEvvvveeeennnntttt HHHHiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyyThe WAN Event History screen lists a total of 128 events on

12-8 User’s Reference GuideDDDDeeeevvvviiiicccceeee EEEEvvvveeeennnntttt HHHHiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyyThe Device Event History screen lists a to

Monitoring Tools 12-9IIIIPPPP rrrroooouuuuttttiiiinnnngggg ttttaaaabbbblllleeeeIn the Statistics & Logs screen, select IP Routing Table an

12-10 User’s Reference GuideIIIIPPPPXXXX SSSSaaaapppp BBBBiiiinnnnddddeeeerrrryyyy ttttaaaabbbblllleeeeIn the Statistics & Logs screen,

Monitoring Tools 12-11Next Rtr Addr.: Displays the DDP or IP address of the next hop for the specified route. A DDP address is displayed if the route

1-2 User’s Reference Guide costs Status lights (LEDs) for easy monitoring and troubleshooting Support for console-based management over Telnet o

12-12 User’s Reference GuideThe IP Address Lease Management screen appears.This screen has three options: Reset All Leases: Resets all current IP ad

Monitoring Tools 12-13SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm IIIInnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaattttiiiioooonnnnThe System Information screen gives a summary view of

12-14 User’s Reference GuideTTTThhhheeee SSSSNNNNMMMMPPPP SSSSeeeettttuuuupppp ssssccccrrrreeeeeeeennnnFrom the Main Menu, select SNMP in th

Monitoring Tools 12-15By default, the read-only and read/write community strings are set to public and private, respectively. You should change both

12-16 User’s Reference GuideSSSSeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg tttthhhheeee IIIIPPPP ttttrrrraaaapppp rrrreeeecccceeeeiiiivvvveeeerrrrssss1. Se

Monitoring Tools 12-17TTTT1111 DDDDiiiiaaaaggggnnnnoooossssttttiiiiccccssssThe Utilities and Diagnostics menu includes an option for displaying T

12-18 User’s Reference GuideThe T1 Line Statistics / Diagnostics screen appears.The screen displays the current condition of tests that you run. The

Monitoring Tools 12-19the remote CSU). Remote Payload Loopback sends an ANSI BPM payload loopback request to the remote CSU. This pattern tells the

12-20 User’s Reference GuideWWWWeeeebbbb----bbbbaaaasssseeeedddd mmmmoooonnnniiiittttoooorrrriiiinnnnggggThis section discusses the Netopia R5000

Monitoring Tools 12-21IP Address: The router’s internal IP addressIPX Network Address: The router’s IPX network address, if you have it enabled and

Setting Up Internet Services 2-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 2222SSSSeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg UUUUpppp IIIInnnntttteeeerrrrnnnneeeetttt

12-22 User’s Reference GuideFFFFrrrraaaammmmeeee RRRReeeellllaaaayyyy SSSSttttaaaattttiiiissssttttiiiiccccssss ppppaaaaggggeeeeFor leased li

Monitoring Tools 12-23CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn SSSSttttaaaattttuuuussss ppppaaaaggggeeeeFor switched interface connections, th

12-24 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeecccctttt////DDDDiiiissssccccoooonnnnnnnneeeecccctttt ppppaaaaggggeeeeThe Connect/Disconnect page d

Monitoring Tools 12-25RRRRoooouuuutttteeeerrrr BBBBuuuuddddggggeeeetttt CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ppppaaaaggggee

12-26 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn BBBBuuuuddddggggeeeettttssss ppppaaaaggggeeeeThe Connection Budgets page d

Monitoring Tools 12-27CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn BBBBuuuuddddggggeeeetttt CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn

12-28 User’s Reference GuideClick the Submit button to enable your entries and be returned to the Connection Budgets page or click the Cancel button

Monitoring Tools 12-29EEEEvvvveeeennnntttt HHHHiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyy ppppaaaaggggeeeessssThe Netopia R5000 Series Router records certain re

12-30 User’s Reference GuideDDDDeeeevvvviiiicccceeee EEEEvvvveeeennnntttt HHHHiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyy ppppaaaaggggeeeeYou can refresh the D

Security 13-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11113333SSSSeeeeccccuuuurrrriiiittttyyyyThe Netopia R5000 Series Router provides a number of security f

2-2 User’s Reference Guide UUUUnnnniiiiqqqquuuueeee rrrreeeeqqqquuuuiiiirrrreeeemmmmeeeennnnttttssss Make sure the ISP can meet any unique requi

13-2 User’s Reference GuideCaution!You are strongly encouraged to add protection to the configuration screens. Unprotected screens could allow an unau

Security 13-3To add a new user account, select Add User in the Security Options screen and press Return. The Add Name With Write Access screen appea

13-4 User’s Reference GuideEEEEnnnnaaaabbbblllleeee SSSSmmmmaaaarrrrttttSSSSttttaaaarrrrtttt////SSSSmmmmaaaarrrrttttVVVViiiieeeewwww////WWWWeeeebb

Security 13-5A filter set is a group of filters that work together to check incoming or outgoing data. A filter set can consist of a combination of inp

13-6 User’s Reference GuideIf the package does not match the first inspector’s criteria, it goes to the second inspector, and so on. You can see that

Security 13-7HHHHoooowwww iiiinnnnddddiiiivvvviiiidddduuuuaaaallll ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrssss wwwwoooorrrrkkkkAs described above, a filter

13-8 User’s Reference GuideBy matching on a port number, a filter can be applied to selected TCP or UDP services, such as Telnet, FTP, and World Wide

Security 13-9OOOOtttthhhheeeerrrr ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrr aaaattttttttrrrriiiibbbbuuuutttteeeessssThere are three other attributes to each fil

13-10 User’s Reference GuideSrc. Port: The source port to match. This is the port on the sending host that originated the packet.D. Port: The destina

Security 13-11FFFFiiiilllltttteeeerrrriiiinnnngggg eeeexxxxaaaammmmpppplllleeee ####2222Suppose a filter is configured to block all incoming IP

Setting Up Internet Services 2-3 OOOObbbbttttaaaaiiiinnnniiiinnnngggg iiiinnnnffffoooorrrrmmmmaaaattttiiiioooonnnn ffffrrrroooommmm tttth

13-12 User’s Reference Guideoption in the answer profile, PAP or CHAP in connection profiles, callback, and general awareness of how your network may b

Security 13-13The procedure for creating and maintaining filter sets is as follows:1. Add a new filter set.2. Create the filters for the new filter set.

13-14 User’s Reference GuideIIIInnnnppppuuuutttt aaaannnndddd oooouuuuttttppppuuuutttt ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrssss————ssssoooouuuurrrrcccce

Security 13-15Select the one you want to edit.The Display/Change Filter Set screen appears.To add an input filter, select Add Input Filter to Filter

13-16 User’s Reference Guide2. If you want the filter to forward packets that match its criteria to the destination IP address, select Forward and tog

Security 13-17MMMMoooovvvviiiinnnngggg ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrssssThe Move Input/Output Filter permits reordering of rules in a filter set. All o

13-18 User’s Reference GuideDDDDeeeelllleeeettttiiiinnnngggg ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrssssTo delete a filter, select Delete Input Filter or Delete O

Security 13-19MMMMooooddddiiiiffffyyyyiiiinnnngggg ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrr sssseeeettttssssTo modify a filter set, select Display/Change Filte

13-20 User’s Reference GuideThe five input filters and one output filter that make up Basic Firewall are shown in the table below. Basic Firewall’s filte

Security 13-21A more complicated filter set would be required to provide WAN access to a LAN-based server. See the next section, “Possible modificatio

Copyright ©2000, Netopia, Inc.,All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are co

2-4 User’s Reference Guide

13-22 User’s Reference GuideFTP sessions. To allow WAN-originated FTP sessions to a LAN-based FTP server with the IP address a.b.c.d (corresponding t

Security 13-23IIIIPPPPXXXX ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrssssIPX packet filters work very similarly to IP packet filters. They filter data traffic coming f

13-24 User’s Reference GuideThe items in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen are grouped into four areas: IPX packet filters IPX packet filter set

Security 13-251. Select Filter Name and enter a descriptive name for the filter.2. To specify a source network for the filter to match on, select Sour

13-26 User’s Reference GuideFollow these steps to configure the new packet filter set:1. Select Filter Set Name and enter a descriptive name for the fil

Security 13-273. To add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and press Return

13-28 User’s Reference GuideAAAAddddddddiiiinnnngggg aaaa SSSSAAAAPPPP ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrTo add a new IPX SAP filter, select Add IPX SA

Security 13-29IIIIPPPPXXXX SSSSAAAAPPPP ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrr sssseeeettttssssBefore IPX SAP filters can be used, they must be grouped in

13-30 User’s Reference GuideSelect a filter and toggle the entry forwarding action to Yes (forward) or No (discard).3. To add a filter to the filter set

Security 13-31FFFFiiiirrrreeeewwwwaaaallllllll ttttuuuuttttoooorrrriiiiaaaallllGGGGeeeennnneeeerrrraaaallll ffffiiiirrrreeeewwwwaaaallllllll

Making the Physical Connections 3-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 3333MMMMaaaakkkkiiiinnnngggg tttthhhheeee PPPPhhhhyyyyssssiiiiccccaaaallll

13-32 User’s Reference GuideEEEExxxxaaaammmmpppplllleeee TTTTCCCCPPPP////UUUUDDDDPPPP PPPPoooorrrrttttssssFFFFiiiirrrreeeewwwwaaaallllllll d

Security 13-33and a packet goes through these rules destined for FTP, the packet would forward through the first rule (WWW), go through the second ru

13-34 User’s Reference GuideIIIImmmmpppplllliiiieeeedddd rrrruuuulllleeeessssWith a given set of filter rules, there is an implied rule that may or

Security 13-35FFFFiiiilllltttteeeerrrr bbbbaaaassssiiiiccccssssIn the source or destination IP address fields, the IP address that is entered must

13-36 User’s Reference GuideEEEExxxxaaaammmmpppplllleeee ffffiiiilllltttteeeerrrrssssEEEExxxxaaaammmmpppplllleeee 1111 Incoming packet has t

Security 13-37This incoming IP packet (10000000) has a source IP address that does not match the network address in the Source IP Address field (0000

13-38 User’s Reference GuideSince the Source IP Network Address in the Netopia R5000 Series Router is 01100000, and the source IP address after the l

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 11114444UUUUttttiiiilllliiiittttiiiieeeessss aaaannnndddd DDDDiiiiaaaaggggnnnnoo

14-2 User’s Reference GuidePPPPiiiinnnnggggThe Netopia R5000 Series Router includes a standard Ping test utility. A Ping test generates IP packets de

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-3Status: The current status of the Ping test. This item can display the status messages shown in the able below:Packets

3-2 User’s Reference GuideWWWWhhhhaaaatttt yyyyoooouuuu nnnneeeeeeeeddddLocate all items that you need for the installation.Included in your ro

14-4 User’s Reference GuidePackets Lost: The number of packets unaccounted for, shown in total and as a percentage of total packets sent. This stati

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-5TTTTrrrraaaacccceeee RRRRoooouuuutttteeeeYou can count the number of routers between your Netopia Router and a give

14-6 User’s Reference GuideTTTTeeeellllnnnneeeetttt cccclllliiiieeeennnnttttThe Telnet client mode replaces the normal menu mode. Telnet sessions

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-7DDDDiiiissssccccoooonnnnnnnneeeecccctttt TTTTeeeellllnnnneeeetttt ccccoooonnnnssssoooolllleeee sssseeeessssss

14-8 User’s Reference GuideTTTTrrrraaaannnnssssffffeeeerrrrrrrriiiinnnngggg ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn aaaannnndddd

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-9 Select GET ROUTER FIRMWARE FROM SERVER or GET WAN MODULE FIRMWARE FROM SERVER and press Return. You will see the fol

14-10 User’s Reference Guide Select GET CONFIG FROM SERVER and press Return. You will see the following dialog box: Select CANCEL to exit without d

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-11UUUUppppddddaaaattttiiiinnnngggg ffffiiiirrrrmmmmwwwwaaaarrrreeeeFirmware updates may be available periodically fr

14-12 User’s Reference GuideThe system will reset at the end of a successful file transfer to put the new firmware into effect. While the system resets

Utilities and Diagnostics 14-132. Select Receive Config from Netopia and press Return. The following dialog box appears:3. Select CANCEL to exit with

Making the Physical Connections 3-3CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeecccctttt tttthhhheeee rrrroooouuuutttteeeerrrrIdentify the connectors and switches on t

14-14 User’s Reference Guide

PPPPaaaarrrrtttt IIIIIIIIIIII:::: AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxxeeeessss

User’s Reference Guide

Troubleshooting A-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx AAAATTTTrrrroooouuuubbbblllleeeesssshhhhoooooooottttiiiinnnnggggThis appendix is intended to h

A-2 User’s Reference GuideNote: If you are attempting to modify the IP address or subnet mask from a previous, successful configuration attempt, you w

Troubleshooting A-3HHHHoooowwww ttttoooo rrrreeeesssseeeetttt tttthhhheeee rrrroooouuuutttteeeerrrr ttttoooo ffffaaaaccccttttoooorr

A-4 User’s Reference GuideTTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnniiiiccccaaaallll ssssuuuuppppppppoooorrrrttttNetopia, Inc. is committed to providing its customers w

Troubleshooting A-5Netopia Bulletin Board Service: 1 510-865-1321OOOOnnnnlllliiiinnnneeee pppprrrroooodddduuuucccctttt iiiinnnnffffoooorrrrmmmm

A-6 User’s Reference Guide

Understanding IP Addressing B-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx BBBBUUUUnnnnddddeeeerrrrssssttttaaaannnnddddiiiinnnngggg IIIIPPPP AAAAdddddd

3-4 User’s Reference GuideIIIIddddeeeennnnttttiiiiffffyyyy tttthhhheeee ccccoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttoooorrrrssssThe following table describes a

B-2 User’s Reference GuideIP addresses indicate both the identity of the network and the identity of the individual host on the network. The number o

Understanding IP Addressing B-3SSSSuuuubbbbnnnneeeetttt mmmmaaaasssskkkkssssTo create subnets, the network manager must define a subnet mask, a 32-

B-4 User’s Reference GuideNNNNeeeettttwwwwoooorrrrkkkk ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnnBelow is a diagram of a simple network

Understanding IP Addressing B-5BBBBaaaacccckkkkggggrrrroooouuuunnnnddddThe IP addresses and routing configurations for the devices shown in the diagra

B-6 User’s Reference GuideThere are two schemes for distributing the remaining IP addresses: Manually give each computer an address Let the Netop

Understanding IP Addressing B-7CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnnThis section describes the specific IP address lease, renew, and re

B-8 User’s Reference Guideglobal limits on the size of the address serving database, which is shared by all address serving functions active in the r

Understanding IP Addressing B-9SSSSeeeerrrrvvvveeee ddddyyyynnnnaaaammmmiiiicccc WWWWAAAANNNN cccclllliiiieeeennnnttttssssThe correct term o

B-10 User’s Reference GuideThe figure above shows an example of a block of IP addresses being distributed correctly.The example follows these rules:

Understanding IP Addressing B-11NNNNeeeesssstttteeeedddd IIIIPPPP ssssuuuubbbbnnnneeeettttssssUnder certain circumstances, you may want to crea

Making the Physical Connections 3-5NNNNeeeettttooooppppiiiiaaaa RRRR5555000000000000 SSSSeeeerrrriiiieeeessss RRRRoooouuuutttteeeerrrr s

B-12 User’s Reference GuideRouters B and C (which could also be Netopia R5000 Series Routers) serve the two remote networks that are subnets of a.b.c

Understanding IP Addressing B-13The following diagram illustrates the IP address space taken up by the two remote IP subnets. You can see from the di

B-14 User’s Reference Guide

Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx CCCCUUUUnnnnddddeeeerrrrssssttttaaaannnnddddiiiinnnngggg NNNNeeeettttooo

C-2 User’s Reference GuideWhen the Netopia R5000 Series Router establishes a connection over its WAN interface with another router it uses the Point-

Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-3With NAT enabled, the Netopia R5000 Series Router does something different. For example, suppose that Workstati

C-4 User’s Reference GuideWhen the Netopia R5000 Series Router receives this IP packet from the WWW server, the Netopia R5000 Series Router replaces

Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-5As you can see, when Workstation A and Workstation B transmit an IP packet to the WWW server on the Internet, t

C-6 User’s Reference GuideThe WWW server on the Internet would then have to use the single valid IP address that was acquired on the Netopia R5000 Se

Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-7the Internet.If the address range of 192.168.X.X is not used and another range of addresses such as 100.1.1.X i

3-6 User’s Reference Guide

C-8 User’s Reference GuideWithin exported services is a pop-up list of well-known TCP and UDP services that can be redirected to a single host on the

Binary Conversion Table D-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx DDDDBBBBiiiinnnnaaaarrrryyyy CCCCoooonnnnvvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn TTTTaaaabb

D-2 User’s Reference GuideDecimal Binary Decimal Binary Decimal Binary Decimal Binary128 10000000 160 10100000 192 11000000 224 11100000129 10000001

Further Reading E-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx EEEEFFFFuuuurrrrtttthhhheeeerrrr RRRReeeeaaaaddddiiiinnnnggggAlexander, S. and R. Droms, DH

E-2 User’s Reference GuideGarcia-Luna-Aceves, J.J., Loop-Free Routing Using Diffusing Computations, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 1, No.

Further Reading E-3Sidhu, G.S., R.F. Andrews, and A.B. Oppenheimer, Inside AppleTalk, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, 1990.S

E-4 User’s Reference Guide

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-1AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx FFFFTTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnniiiiccccaaaallll SSSSppppeeeecccciii

F-2 User’s Reference GuidePin 8 CTS Pin 8 RLSDPin 9 DSR Pin 9 -RSET (EIA-530)Pin 10 DCD Pin 10 (not used)Pin 11 (not used) Pin 11 -TSET (EIA-530)Pin

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-3DDDDeeeessssccccrrrriiiippppttttiiiioooonnnnDimensions: 124.0 cm (w) x 20.0 cm (d) x 5.3 cm (h)9.4”

Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 4444CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiinnnngggg ttttoooo YYYYoooouuuurrr

F-4 User’s Reference GuideAAAAggggeeeennnnccccyyyy aaaapppppppprrrroooovvvvaaaallllssssNorth America (R5100, R5200, R5300)Safety Approvals: Unite

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-5United States (R5100, R5200, R5300). This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the li

F-6 User’s Reference GuideCanada. This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference -Causing Equipment Regulations.C

Technical Specifications and Safety Information F-7near the product for easy access. For use only with CSA Certified Class 2 power supply, rated 12VDC

F-8 User’s Reference Guide

Glossary 1GGGGlllloooossssssssaaaarrrryyyyaccess line: A telephone line reaching from the telephone company central office to a point usually on your

2 User’s Reference Guidebyte: A group of bits, normally eight, which represent one data character.CallerID: See CND.CCITT (Comite Consultatif Interna

Glossary 3DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): A service that lets clients on a LAN request configuration information, such as IP host addresses

4 User’s Reference Guidehop count reduction: A feature of AURP supported by the Netopia Router. Tunnels and point-to-point links over WANs can often

Glossary 5NAT (Network Address Translation): A feature that allows communication between the LAN connected to the Netopia Router and the Internet usi

4-2 User’s Reference GuideApplication software: This is the software you use to send e-mail, browse the World Wide Web, read newsgroups, etc. These a

6 User’s Reference Guideremapping: See network number remapping.RFC (Request for Comment): A series of documents used to exchange information and s

Glossary 7TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): An open network standard that defines how devices from different manufacturers com

8 User’s Reference Guide

Index-1IIIInnnnddddeeeexxxxNumerics10Base-T 4-310Base-T, connecting 4-3Aadd static route 9-20advanced configurationfeatures 8-33AppleTalk 1-2configuring

Index-2console configuration 8-35console-based managementconfiguring with 6-1, 7-1, 8-1DD. port 13-10date and timesetting 8-34deciding on an ISP account

Index-3Frame Relayconfiguring 8-6FTP sessions 13-22further reading E-1Ggeneral statistics 12-5Glossary GL-1Hhard seeding 11-3hops 12-10how to reach us

Index-4monitoring 12-1security 13-1system utilities and diagnostics 14-1network problems A-2network status overview 12-1next router address 12-11non-s

Index-5state 12-10static IP addresses B-8static routerules of installation 9-21static routes 9-13, 9-18statistics, WAN 12-5subnet masks B-3subnets B-2

Index-6

Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies 1LLLLiiiimmmmiiiitttteeeedddd WWWWaaaarrrrrrrraaaannnnttttyyyy aaaannnndddd LLLLiiiimmmmiiiitttta

Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-3CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiinnnngggg ttttoooo aaaannnn EEEEtttthhhheeeerrrrnnnneeeetttt nnn

2 User’s Reference Guide

GBPart I: Getting Started Chapter 1 — Introduction...1-1 Overview...

4-4 User’s Reference GuideAAAAddddddddiiiinnnngggg aaaannnn eeeexxxxtttteeeerrrrnnnnaaaallll mmmmooooddddeeeemmmmYou may want to add an exte

Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-5CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiinnnngggg ttttoooo aaaa LLLLooooccccaaaallllTTTTaaaallllkkkk nnn

4-6 User’s Reference Guide

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 5555SSSSeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg uuuupppp yyyyoooouuuurrr

5-2 User’s Reference GuideBBBBeeeeffffoooorrrreeee rrrruuuunnnnnnnniiiinnnngggg SSSSmmmmaaaarrrrttttSSSSttttaaaarrrrttttBe sure you have connec

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-3SSSSeeeettttttttiiiinnnngggg uuuupppp yyyyoooouuuurrrr RRRRoooouuuutttteeeerrrr www

5-4 User’s Reference GuideEEEEaaaassssyyyy ooooppppttttiiiioooonnnnWhen the test succeeds, SmartStart indicates success.If the test fails, the wiz

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-5When the test is successful, SmartStart presents you with the “Additional Configuration screen,”

5-6 User’s Reference GuideSSSShhhhaaaarrrriiiinnnngggg tttthhhheeee CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnnCCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrriii

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-7DDDDyyyynnnnaaaammmmiiiicccc ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ((((rrr

iv User’s Reference Guide Readying computers on your local network... 4-1Connecting to an Ethernet network...

5-8 User’s Reference GuideSSSSttttaaaattttiiiicccc ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ((((ooooppppttttiiiioooonnnnaaaallll)))

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-94. Click OK in this window and the next window. When prompted, reboot the computer.Note: You ca

5-10 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrriiiinnnngggg TTTTCCCCPPPP////IIIIPPPP oooonnnn MMMMaaaacccciiiinnnnttttoooosssshh

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-11SSSSttttaaaattttiiiicccc ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ((((oooopp

5-12 User’s Reference GuideDDDDyyyynnnnaaaammmmiiiicccc ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn uuuussssiiiinnnngggg MMMMaaaacc

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-13Using Classic Networking (MacTCP)1. Go to the Apple Menu. Select Control Panels and then Netwo

5-14 User’s Reference Guide

Console-Based Management 6-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 6666CCCCoooonnnnssssoooolllleeee----BBBBaaaasssseeeedddd MMMMaaaannnnaaaaggggeeeemmmm

6-2 User’s Reference Guidemay be using the router to connect to more than one service provider or remote site. The System Configuration menus display

Console-Based Management 6-3CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrriiiinnnngggg TTTTeeeellllnnnneeeetttt ssssooooffffttttwwwwaaaarrrreeeeIf you are c

Contents v GPart II: Advanced Configuration Chapter 8 — WAN and System Configuration...8-1 WAN configuration...

6-4 User’s Reference GuideLaunch your terminal emulation software and configure the communications software for the values shown in the table below. T

Easy Setup 7-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 7777EEEEaaaassssyyyy SSSSeeeettttuuuuppppThis chapter describes how to use the Easy Setup console s

7-2 User’s Reference GuideA screen similar to the following Main Menu appears:If you do not see the Main Menu, verify that: The computer used to vie

Easy Setup 7-3TTTThhhheeee SSSSeeeerrrriiiiaaaallll LLLLiiiinnnneeee EEEEaaaassssyyyy SSSSeeeettttuuuupppp ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguu

7-4 User’s Reference GuideTTTThhhheeee TTTT1111 LLLLiiiinnnneeee ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ssssccccrrrreeeeeee

Easy Setup 7-56. Select Data Link Encapsulation and highlight the method of encapsulation that you want to use from the pop-up menu. The choices off

7-6 User’s Reference GuideEEEEaaaassssyyyy SSSSeeeettttuuuupppp PPPPrrrrooooffffiiiilllleeee ssssccccrrrreeeeeeeennnnThe Easy Setup Profile s

Easy Setup 7-7If you chose PPP as your datalink encapsulation method, select PPP Authentication and from the pop-up menu choose: None (the default),

7-8 User’s Reference GuideBecause this is a private network address, it should never be directly connected to the Internet. Using NAT for all your co

Easy Setup 7-9The final step in configuring the Easy Setup console screens is to restart the Netopia R5000 Series, so that the configuration settings t

vi User’s Reference Guide Security... 8-36Upgrade feature set ...

7-10 User’s Reference Guide

PPPPaaaarrrrtttt IIIIIIII:::: AAAAddddvvvvaaaannnncccceeeedddd CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn

User’s Reference Guide

WAN and System Configuration 8-1CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 8888WWWWAAAANNNN aaaannnndddd SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiig

8-2 User’s Reference GuideLLLLiiiinnnneeee ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ffffoooorrrr aaaa SSSSeeeerrrriiiiaaaalll

WAN and System Configuration 8-35. Select Data Link Encapsulation and highlight the method of encapsulation that you want to use from the pop-up menu

8-4 User’s Reference GuideNote: If you used Easy Setup to configure your router, you have already created a connection profile called Easy Setup Profile

WAN and System Configuration 8-5For fractional T1, you can also specify in the check box whether the DS0 channels are contiguous or alternating.5. Se

8-6 User’s Reference GuideCCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrriiiinnnngggg FFFFrrrraaaammmmeeee RRRReeeellllaaaayyyyFrame Relay is an alternative d

WAN and System Configuration 8-7WWWWAAAANNNN CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn FFFFrrrraaaammmmeeee RRRReeeellllaaaayyyy

Contents vii G Chapter 11 — AppleTalk Setup...11-1 AppleTalk networks ...

8-8 User’s Reference GuideFFFFrrrraaaammmmeeee RRRReeeellllaaaayyyy ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnnIf you chose Frame Rela

WAN and System Configuration 8-9See “Frame Relay DLCI configuration” on page 8-10 for instructions.Specifying the Link Management Type is the first ste

8-10 User’s Reference GuideNote: The Congestion Management Enabled field will only appear if Standard or Buffered is selected as the option from the T

WAN and System Configuration 8-11CCCChhhhaaaannnnggggiiiinnnngggg aaaa FFFFrrrraaaammmmeeee RRRReeeellllaaaayyyy DDDDLLLLCCCCIIII cccc

8-12 User’s Reference GuideAAAAddddddddiiiinnnngggg aaaa FFFFrrrraaaammmmeeee RRRReeeellllaaaayyyy DDDDLLLLCCCCIIII ccccoooonnnnffffii

WAN and System Configuration 8-13provider agrees to transfer from a given PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) or DLCI (Data Link Connection Identifier). T

8-14 User’s Reference GuideCreating a new Connection ProfileConnection Profiles define the telco and networking protocols necessary for the router to ma

WAN and System Configuration 8-154. Toggle or enter any IP Parameters you require and return to the Add Connection Profile screen by pressing Escape.

8-16 User’s Reference Guide6. Toggle or enter any IPX Parameters you require and return to the Add Connection Profile screen by pressing Escape. For m

WAN and System Configuration 8-17The PPP options screen for a switched interface appears as follows:You can accept the defaults, or change them if yo

viii User’s Reference Guide Router Budget Configuration page ... 12-25Connection Budgets page... 12-26

8-18 User’s Reference Guide8. For a switched connection only, select Telco Options and press return. the Telco Options screen appears.Note: For IDSL

WAN and System Configuration 8-19If you want to view the Connection Profiles in your router, return to the WAN Configuration screen, and select Display

8-20 User’s Reference GuideTTTThhhheeee ddddeeeeffffaaaauuuulllltttt pppprrrrooooffffiiiilllleeeeFor R5100 SA and R5300 T1 models the Default P

WAN and System Configuration 8-21If Must Match a Defined Profile is set to No, then an IPX Enabled item is visible. Toggling this item to Yes or No (th

8-22 User’s Reference GuideIIIIPPPPXXXX ppppaaaarrrraaaammmmeeeetttteeeerrrrssss ((((ddddeeeeffffaaaauuuulllltttt pppprrrrooooffffiiiillllee

WAN and System Configuration 8-23Scheduled connections ((((sssswwwwiiiittttcccchhhheeeedddd aaaassssyyyynnnncccc oooonnnnllllyyyy))))To go to t

8-24 User’s Reference GuideViewing scheduled connectionsTo display a table of view-only scheduled connections, select Display/Change Scheduled Connec

WAN and System Configuration 8-25Adding a scheduled connectionTo add a new scheduled connection, select Add Scheduled Connection in the Scheduled Con

8-26 User’s Reference GuideSet Weekly ScheduleIf you set How Often to Weekly, select Set Weekly Schedule and go to the Set Weekly Schedule screen. S

WAN and System Configuration 8-27Set Once-Only ScheduleIf you set How Often to Once Only, select Set Once-Only Schedule and go to the Set Once-Only S

Contents ix G Firewall design rules... 13-32Filter basics...

8-28 User’s Reference GuideModifying a scheduled connectionTo modify a scheduled connection, select Change Scheduled Connection in the Scheduled Conn

WAN and System Configuration 8-29CCCCoooonnnnnnnneeeeccccttttiiiioooonnnn aaaaccccccccoooouuuunnnnttttiiiinnnngggg ssssccccrrrreeeeeeeennnnssss

8-30 User’s Reference GuideThe Budget Setup screen appears.Configuration is similar to the web-based management configuration screens. Selecting Use C

WAN and System Configuration 8-31You can monitor your usage against your budget by reviewing the Connection Budget Statistics screen in the Accountin

8-32 User’s Reference GuideSSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm ccccoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn ssssccccrrrreeeeeeeennnnssss You ca

WAN and System Configuration 8-332. Select Network Protocols and press Return. The Network Protocols screen appears.3. Select IP Setup and press Retu

8-34 User’s Reference GuideNNNNeeeettttwwwwoooorrrrkkkk pppprrrroooottttooooccccoooollllssss sssseeeettttuuuuppppThese screens allow you to con

WAN and System Configuration 8-351. Select Current Date and enter the date in the appropriate format. Use one- or two-digit numbers for the month and

8-36 User’s Reference GuideSSSSNNNNMMMMPPPP ((((SSSSiiiimmmmpppplllleeee NNNNeeeettttwwwwoooorrrrkkkk MMMMaaaannnnaaaaggggeeeemmmmeeeennnntt

WAN and System Configuration 8-37By default, all events are logged in the event history. By toggling each event descriptor to either Yes or No, you